The distance between the baseline and the height of the lowercase letter ‘x’ is the x-height. Remember, all letters rest on an invisible line known as the baseline. Whether you’re an aspiring designer or a typography enthusiast, learning the building blocks of typography will help you apply it effectively within your designs. It has its very own language full of serifs, shoulders and stems. Get your free template for “Anatomy of Type”Įnjoy our newsletter-sure you don’t want to receive it?Īs Mia mentioned, type has anatomy. Weight: The thickness of a font’s stroke. X-height: The distance between the baseline and the height of the lowercase letter ‘x’. Uppercase: A typecase containing capital letters. Terminal: A circular form at the end of the arm, leg or brow in letters. Stroke: A straight or curved line that creates the principal part of a letter. Small Capital: Short capital letters designed to blend with lowercase text. Serif: A stroke added to the beginning or end of one of the main strokes of a letter. Stem: A main stroke that is more or less straight, not part of a bowl. Spine: The main curved stroke of a lowercase or capital letter. Shoulder: A curved stroke originating from a stem. Lowercase: A smaller form of letters in a typeface. Ligature: Two or more letters tied into a single character. © Daniel Skrok and Interaction Design Foundation, CC BY-SA 3.0 Anatomy of Type TermsĪperture: The partially enclosed space of a letterform.Īscender: An upward vertical stroke that extends beyond the x-height.īaseline: The invisible line on which all letters rest.īowl: The generally round or elliptical forms which are the basic body shape of letters.Ĭap height: The distance from the baseline to the top of the capital letter.Ĭounter: The white space enclosed by a letterform.Ĭross bar: The horizontal stroke in letters.ĭescender: A downward vertical stroke that extends beyond the baseline.ĭot: Also known as a tittle, is a small diacritic on a lowercase i or j.Įye: The closed counter of a lowercase e.įinial: A tapered or curved end on a letterform. Understanding all these terms can be a bit confusing, so we’ve created a comprehensive list that will help guide you through the common anatomy of type terms.
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